Bihar

Bihar- The name of the state itself is redolent of its historical past. ‘Vihar’ means monastery evoking the rich heritage of innumerable Buddist and Jain monasteries that once enriched this land thousands of years ago. The Buddha and Mahavira lived and preached in this area much of their lives. In the heart of ancient kingdom of Magadha and 15 km from Gaya stands the peepal tree under which Gautam the Prince of Kapilavastu attained enlightenment and became the Buddha, the ‘enlightened one’. The Mahabodhi temple in Bodhgaya is the most sacred shrine in praise of Lord Buddha.
An ancient international Buddhist university renowned for excellence of teaching throughout south east. Asia flourished in Nalanda which lies 90 km south of Patna. Pawapuri, also known as the sinless is a very sacred Jain pilgrimage centre. It was here that Lord Mahavira breathed his last. The Hazaribagh wildlife sanctuary which stretches over 184 sq km is rich in wildlife. The other notable sanctuary is the Palamau National park. Bihar’s unique and popular folk art is Madhubani- line paintings done by the woman of Mithila.
Tourist Places in Bihar
Patna – 2500 years old and the old Pataliputra of the Magadh empire, it is the capital. Khuda Boksh Oriental Library with are Islamic manuscripts, mosques, dargahs, gurudwaras. Birth place of Guru Govind Singh. Airport: Patna.
Sonepur – famous for the cattle fair.
Nalanda – ruins of ancient Buddhist University. The Buddha and Mahavira taught nearby. Its library once held 9 students form many countries. Airport: Patna
Rajgir – pilgrimage place for Buddhist and Jains. The first Buddhist council after the Buddha’s death was held here. In a bamboo park here, the Buddha lived with his disciples. Vishwa Shanti Stupa, aerial ropeway hot springs. Airport: Patna.
Gaya- Hindu pilgrimage place Airport: Gaya.
Bodhgaya- the Buddha attained enlightenment here under the bodhi tree. Mahabodhi temple, Burmese, Tibetan, Chinese, Thai and Japanese Monasteries. Airport: Patna.
Vaishali – the Buddha preached his last sermon here and the second Buddhist Council met here in 383 AD. It is the birthplace of Lord Mahavira. Said to be the first republic in the world in ancient times. Ashoka pillar.
Hazaribagh, Palamau– Wildlife sanctuaries.
Ranchi – an industrial city set in picturesque Chhotanagpur, former summer capital of Bihar. Airport : Ranchi .
Jamshedpur – eastern headquarter of the Tata industries, a very modern well planned city. Airport: Jamshedpur.
Dhanbad, Chittaranjan, Bokaro – industrial cities with a concentration of steel, locomotive coal and other heavy industries.
List of Districts and their Headquarters of Bihar State in India

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District	Headquarters	Area (km²)	Official website
Araria	Araria	2,829	www.araria.bih.nic.in
Arwal	Arwal	4,839	www.arwal.bih.nic.in
Aurangabad	Aurangabad	3,303	www.aurangabad.bih.nic.in
Banka	Banka	3,018	www.banka.bih.nic.in
Begusarai	Begusarai	1,917	www.begusarai.bih.nic.in
Bhagalpur	Bhagalpur	2,569	www.bhagalpur.bih.nic.in
Bhojpur	Arrah	2,473	www.bhojpur.bih.nic.in
Buxar	Buxar	1,624	www.buxar.bih.nic.in
Darbhanga	Darbhanga	2,278	www.darbhanga.bih.nic.in
East Champaran	Motihari	3,969	www.eastchamparan.bih.nic.in
Gaya	Gaya	4,978	www.gaya.bih.nic.in
Gopalganj	Gopalganj	2,033	www.gopalganj.bih.nic.in
Jamui	Jamui	3,099	www.jamui.bih.nic.in
Jehanabad	Jehanabad	1,569	www.Jehanabad.bih.nic.in
Khagaria	Khagaria	1,486	www.khagaria.bih.nic.in
Kishanganj	Kishanganj	1,884	www.kishanganj.bih.nic.in
Kaimur	Bhabua	3,363	www.kaimur.bih.nic.in
Katihar	Katihar	3,056	www.katihar.bih.nic.in
Lakhisarai	Lakhisarai	1,229	www.lakhisarai.bih.nic.in
Madhubani	Madhubani	3,501	www.madhubani.bih.nic.in
Munger	Munger	1,419	www.munger.bih.nic.in
Madhepura	Madhepura	1,787	www.madhepura.bih.nic.in
Muzaffarpur	Muzaffarpur	3,173	www.muzaffarpur.bih.nic.in
Nalanda	Bihar Sharif	2,354	www.nalanda.bih.nic.in
Nawada	Nawada	2,492	www.nawada.bih.nic.in
Patna	Patna	3,202	www.patna.bih.nic.in
Purnia	Purnia	3,228	www.purnia.bih.nic.in
Rohtas	Sasaram	3,850	www.rohtas.bih.nic.in
Saharsa	Saharsa	1,702	www.saharsa.bih.nic.in
Samastipur	Samastipur	2,905	www.samastipur.bih.nic.in
Sheohar	Sheohar	443	www.sheohar.bih.nic.in
Sheikhpura	Sheikhpura	689	www.sheikhpura.bih.nic.in
Saran	Chhapra	2,641	www.saran.bih.nic.in
Sitamarhi	Sitamarhi	2,199	www.sitamarhi.bih.nic.in
Supaul	Supaul	2,410	www.supaul.bih.nic.in
Siwan	Siwan	2,219	www.siwan.bih.nic.in
Vaishali(Akshay)	Hajipur	2,036	www.vaishali.bih.nic.in
West Champaran	Bettiah	5,229	www.westchamparan.bih.nic.in

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